Praseodymium

LANTHANOID · GROUP None · PERIOD 6
59
Pr
Praseodymium
140.91

Atomic Data

Atomic Number59
SymbolPr
Atomic Weight140.91 u
Density (STP)6.77 g/cm³
Melting Point934.85 °C (1208 K)
Boiling Point3519.85 °C (3793 K)
Electronegativity1.13 (Pauling)
Electron Config.1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f3 5s2 5p6 6s2
Oxidation States+3, +4
Phase at STPSolid
CategoryLanthanoid
Period / Group6 / None
CAS Number7440-10-0

Electron Configuration

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[Xe] 4f3 6s2

Shell n Subshell Electrons Cumulative
K11s22
L22s24
L22p610
M33s212
M33p618
M33d1028
N44s230
N44p636
N44d1046
N44f349
O55s251
O55p657
P66s259
Total 59 59

Isotopes of Praseodymium

Praseodymium is monoisotopic — ¹⁴¹Pr is its only naturally occurring stable isotope, accounting for 100% of all natural Praseodymium.

Isotope Symbol Protons Neutrons Abundance Stability
Praseodymium-141¹⁴¹Pr5982100Stable

Abundance & Occurrence

Praseodymium is present in Earth's crust at approximately 9.2 ppm by mass and at approximately 0.9 ppm by mass throughout the universe.

Earth's Crust (ppm by mass)

Praseodymium
9.2 ppm
Silicon (ref.)
277,000 ppm
Oxygen (ref.)
461,000 ppm

Universe (ppm by mass)

Praseodymium
0.9 ppm
Helium (ref.)
230,000 ppm
Hydrogen (ref.)
739,000 ppm

Discovery & History

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Safety & Handling

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Real-World Uses

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Downloadable Resources

Free periodic table reference sheets for classrooms, study sessions, and laboratory use.

Frequently Asked Questions

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